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Anna Wheeler (c. 1780–1848), also known by her maiden name of Anna Doyle, was a writer and advocate of political rights for women and the benefits of contraception. She married Francis Massey Wheeler when she was "about 16" and he was "about 19", although the year is not known. They separated twelve years later. After his death she supplemented her income by translating the works of French philosophers.〔 She was an acquaintance of Robert Owen, Jeremy Bentham, and Frances Wright. The philosopher William Thompson described his book ''Appeal of One Half of the Human Race, Women, Against the Pretensions of the Other Half, Men, to Retain them in Political, and Hence in Civil and Domestic, Slavery'' as the "joint property" of himself and her. A staunch advocate of political rights for women and equal opportunities in education, she was friendly with French feminists and socialists. ==Early life== Anna Doyle was the daughter of the Rev. Nicholas Milley Doyle, a Church of Ireland clergyman,〔Edward Cave, John Nichols, eds., ''The Gentleman's Magazine, and Historical Chronicle'' (1834), p. 276: "Francis Massey Wheeler, Esq. of Lizard Connell, born in 1776, married Anne daughter of the Rev. Nicholas Milley Doyle (elder brother of General Sir John Doyle, Bart. G.C.B. and uncle of Major-General Welbore Ellis Doyle..."〕 Rector of Newcastle, County Tipperary. She had no formal education, but learned French, geography, reading and writing at home. In 1795, at about the age of fifteen, she married Francis Massey Wheeler, of Lizard Connell,〔 heir to an estate at Ballywire, who proposed to her at a ball. Born in 1776, and a grandson of Hugh Massy, 1st Baron Massy (1700–1788)〔Charles R. Dodd, 'Bulwer, 1st Bart' in ''The Peerage Baronetage and Knightage of Great Britain'' (1844), (p. 59 )〕 he was himself only nineteen,〔Margaret McFadden, ''Golden Cables of Sympathy'' (1999), p. 136〕 and they set up home in County Limerick. According to the autobiography of her daughter Rosina, Wheeler had five daughters,〔Rosina Bulwer Lytton, Autobiography (MS.)〕 although a more general source says two. Her daughter Rosina Doyle Wheeler, who later wrote that she had been born in 1802,〔 became the novelist Rosina Bulwer Lytton. Wheeler read widely, taking in both the French Age of Enlightenment thinkers and Mary Wollstonecraft. Her husband was an abusive alcoholic, so she separated from him after twelve years by moving to Guernsey to live with her uncle, General Sir John Doyle then in post as Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey. In 1815 she moved to London, to benefit the education of her daughters. By 1816 she had started journeying through France.〔(Biography of Anna Wheeler at Women philosophers.com )〕 One of her brothers, Sir John Milley Doyle (1781–1856) was a commander of British and Portuguese forces in the Peninsular War and the War of the Two Brothers.〔Henry Morse Stephens, Doyle, John Milley from Dictionary of National Biography at Wikisource〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anna Wheeler (author)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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